Sustainable Halal Tourism Development: Integrating Maqasid al-Shariah and ESG Frameworks in Indonesia

Abstract

This Research explores the integration of Maqasid al-Shariah and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles in the development of sustainable halal tourism in West Sumatera and West Nusa Tenggara (NTB), Indonesia—an emerging region recognized for its commitment to halal tourism. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, including halal tourism operators, regional tourism authorities, Muslim tourists, and sharia-compliant homestay entrepreneurs. The findings reveal that key dimensions of Maqasid al-Shariah—namely hifz al-din (protection of religion), hifz al-nafs (protection of life), hifz al-mal (protection of wealth), hifz al-nasl (Protection of Lineage), hifz al-aql (Protection of Intellect) and hifz al-bi’ah (protection of the environment)—are reflected in the operational practices of halal tourism in the region. Concurrently, ESG values are increasingly embedded through initiatives in environmental management, community empowerment, and good governance practices. The study contributes to the growing body of literature on ethical tourism by proposing a synergistic framework that bridges Islamic ethical principles with global sustainability standards. This integrated model offers a contextualized and holistic approach to developing halal tourism destinations that are ethically grounded, socially inclusive, and environmentally responsible.

Keywords: Halal Tourism; Maqasid al-Shariah; ESG; Sustainable Development; Islamic Ethics